比特币区块链是记录比特币产生和运行的一本历史“账簿”，要解释比特币减半还得从比特币挖矿开始讲起。
The Bitcoin block chain is a historical “book” that records the production and operation of bitcoin, explaining that the halving of bitcoin has to start with bitcoin mining.
什么是比特币挖矿？
What's a bitcoin mining?
所谓“挖矿”就是，将一段时间内比特币系统中发生的交易进行确认，并记录在区块链上，形成新的区块，挖矿的人叫作矿工。简单说来，挖矿就是记账的过程，矿工是记账员，区块链就是账本。比特币系统的记账权利是去中心化的，即每个矿工都有记账的权利，只要成功抢到记账权，矿工就能获得系统新生成的比特币奖励。
The so-called “mining” is the identification of transactions that take place in the bitcoin system over a period of time and are recorded on the block chain, forming new blocks, where the diggers are called miners. Simply put, mining is the process of bookkeeping , where miners are bookkeepers and block chains are bookbooks. The rights to account in the bitcoin system are decentralized, i.e., every miner has the right to book, and if it succeeds in taking the rights to book, the miners will get the new bitcoin reward generated by the system.
如何产出比特币？
How do you produce bitcoin?
从挖矿角度来讲，挖矿过程就是给予矿工奖励的过程，也是生产比特币的过程。中本聪最初设计比特币时规定每生产210,000个区块，比特币奖励减半一次，即每一次挖矿产生的比特币数量减半，直至比特币不能再被细分，并规定比特币的总量有限，上限为2100万。
From the point of view of mining, the mining process is the process of giving incentives to miners and the process of producing Bitcoin. Bentney initially designed Bitcoin by reducing by half the amount of bitcoins generated by bitcoins by for every 210,000 blocks produced and by halving the amount of bitcoins by half until bitcoins can no longer be broken down by bitcoins, with a cap of 21 million bitcoins.
比特币的减半历史
The half-time history of Bitcoin.
截止至2019年12月底，已发生两次比特币减半事件。分别在2012年11月28日和2016年7月9日。第一次区块减半时，挖矿产出比特币的数量由50个减半为25个，当时比特币价格为12.31美元。第二次减半时，挖矿产出的数量由25个减半为12.5个，当时比特币价格为650.63美元。
By the end of December 2019, there had been two halves of Bitcoins. on 28 November 2012 and on 9 July 2016 respectively. When the first block was halved, the number of bitcoins that were mined was 25 from 50 to 12.31 dollars. At the second half, the amount that was mined was 12.5 from 25 to 650.63 dollars.
另外，比特币的最小单位是八位小数的“聪（satoshi）”，1个比特币就等于1.00000000聪（satoshi）。由于比特币协议规定，每产生210,000个区块，就发生区块奖励减半。因此比特币一共会经历32次区块减半事件，大约到2140年，2100万个比特币全部被挖出来，减半事件将结束。
In addition, the smallest unit of Bitcoin is eight decimals of “satoshi”, and one bitcoin equals 1,000,000 satoshi. As per the Bitcoin agreement, a block reward is halved for every 210,000 blocks generated. As a result, Bitcoin will experience a total of 32 halves of blocks, about 2140, 21 million bitcoins will all be dug up, and the half will be over.
比特币第三次减半
Bitcoin was halved for the third time.
根据现有的挖矿数据，算力数据和挖矿难度数据等预测出，2020年5月14日（当前数据采集日期为2020年1月1日）比特币区块链将达到区块高度630,000，届时将迎来比特币历史上的第三次减半时刻，挖矿产出的比特币数量将由12.5个减少为6.25个，即在区块高度为630,001处，矿工挖矿的收益比原来减少一半，为6.25个比特币。
Based on available mining data, arithmetic data and data on the difficulty of mining, among others, it is predicted that on 14 May 2020 (the date of collection of the data is 1 January 2020) the Bitcoin block chain will reach the height of 630,000 blocks, which will mark the third time in Bitcoin's history to halve , and that the number of bitcoins to be excavated will be reduced from 12.5 to 6.25, that is to say, 630,001 at the height of the blocks, and the miner's profits will be halved to 6.25 bitcoins.
结语
Concluding remarks
比特币的这种通缩的经济模型在中本聪的白皮书中体现。这是人类历史上第一次通过数据实现了“货币”的产生和流通，比特币究竟有没有价值，有多大的价值，还要等待更长时间的历史验证，我们拭目以待！
This deflationary economic model of Bitcoin is reflected in the middle-brain white paper. This is the first time in human history that a “currency” has been generated and circulated through data, whether or not it is worth it, how valuable it is, and waiting for longer historical validation.
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