来源 | 网易区块链
Source Web-friendly block chain
十年前，2008年11月1日（北京时间），一个神秘的密码学讨论组中出现了一篇论文《比特币白皮书：一种点对点的电子现金系统》，这种全新的数字货币概念在密码朋克圈内掀起了轩然大波。
Ten years ago, on 1 November 2008 (Beijing time), a mysterious cryptography discussion group produced a paper, Bitcoin White Paper: A Point-to-Point Electronic Cash System, a completely new concept of digital currency that created a wave within the code punk circle.
（比特币10年价格涨跌，视频来自网络）
(Bitcoin price rises and falls in 10 years, video from the Internet)
十年的时间，比特币经历了从无到有、从小范围技术极客圈到全球交易，从一文不值到一币难求，经历了政策严打到不分国家认可。而比特币的底层技术——区块链也渐渐进入了公众的视野，并在行业的积极探索下，不断发现其巨大潜能和价值。
In 10 years, Bitcoin has gone from nothing to nothing, from a small circle of technocrats to a global deal, from nothing to nothing, and from policy to national approval. Bitcoin’s bottom technology – the block chain – has been gradually gaining visibility and discovering its enormous potential and value through active industry exploration.
网易区块链特别邀请到BTC.com负责人庄重，在比特币白皮书发布十周年之际简述自己的从业心得，行业前瞻，以及目前BTC.com的相关布局。
In particular, BTC.com heads were invited to present a brief account of their professional interests, industry perspectives and the current layout of BTC.com on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the issuance of the Bitcoin White Paper.
嘉宾简介：
Introduction to guests :
庄重，BTC.com CEO。在中国科技大学攻读博士期间，曾前往美国耶鲁大学做了两年访问学者，业内资深技术专家。2012年，在深圳比特泉（也就是ASICMiner）公司从事软件工程开发工作，开始了区块链及加密货币职业生涯。在比特泉期间，参与了与比特币相关的各个领域的项目，包括矿池软件开发、矿机硬件研发等。2015年，加入比特大陆，目前正带领BTC.com 探索更多区块链相关产品和服务。
In 2012, work began on software engineering at the Shenzhen Bint Springs, or ASICMiner. During the Bit Springs, he was involved in projects in various areas related to Bitcoin, including mining pond software development, mining machine hardware development, etc. In 2015, he joined the continent and is currently leading BTC.com to explore more products and services related to the block chain.
以下是网易区块链对庄重的访谈内容：
The following are some of the interviews with dignity in the web-based block chain:
网易区块链：距离比特币白皮书的发布已有整整十年，十年间，BTC成功成为了区块链行业中的头部项目，那么您是什么时候接触到比特币、又决定踏入挖矿行业的呢？其中有哪些“里程碑”式的节点？
庄重：我是最早2011年在reddit上看到了Bitcoin的介绍，在2012年开始进入挖矿行业，2013年初加入了烤猫矿机，最初我负责矿池的开发和矿场的运维，之后也开始负责矿机固件，参与矿机的研发。2015年加入了比特大陆，负责区块链技术相关项目研发，2017年开始负责BTC.com。印象最深刻的就是2013年的Bitcoin 0.7和0.8版本的分叉事件了，当时非常紧张地切换矿场的算力，忙到很晚。
weight: I was the first to see Bitcoin on Reddit in 2011, to enter the mining industry in 2012, to join the cat-mining machine in early 2013, and I was initially in charge of the development of the pond and the maintenance of the mine site, and then to participate in the development of the mine machine. In 2015, I joined the Bit continent in charge of the development of technology related to the block chain, starting with BTC.com in 2017.
网易区块链：曾有形容，比特币是一次全球范围共同参与的技术试验。作为虚拟货币界的扛把子，它的价格曾高到令人咋舌，也遭遇过不止一次的断崖式下跌，如今比特币已走过十个春秋，您是怎么看待它、定义它及其背后的技术的呢？
Strong: Bitcoin has been described as a technology experiment with global participation. As a virtual currency handler, its prices were so high that it experienced more than once a cliff fall. Now that Bitcoin has gone through ten springs and autumns, what do you think of it, defining it and the technology behind it?
庄重：比特币是一项令人激动的伟大技术，2012年我正在读博的迷茫阶段，当时正好有机会，就很果断地加入到比特币相关产业中来。
比特币提供了具有一定匿名性的不需要中心化机构背书的货币解决方案，个人资产由私钥保证。在我看来，这才是真正意义上的个人财产。
Bitcoin offers a monetary solution with a certain anonymity that does not require endorsement by a centralised agency, and personal assets are guaranteed by a private key. In my view, this is personal property in the real sense.
比特币以及背后的区块链技术也催生了各种新项目，新行业，相信在未来它们也会继续需要我们不断思考，不断创新。
Bitcoin and the block chain technologies behind it have also given rise to new projects, new industries that, it is believed, will continue to require constant thinking and innovation in the future.
网易区块链：过去的2017年对加密货币行业来说是非常不同的一年，以比特币为代表的加密货币市值实现了30多倍的增长；从技术层面来讲，虽然有Segwit（隔离见证）这一较大规模的升级，但去年一整年似乎还处于起步阶段。相比去年，可否为我们盘点一下2018年又有哪些值得关注的比特币的技术发展？
web-based block chains: The past 2017 has been a very different year for the crypto-currency industry, with the market value of encrypted currencies represented by bitcoin increasing more than 30 times; at the technical level, the larger upgrade of Segwit seems to have been in its infancy for the whole of last year. Could we take a look at some interesting bitcoin technological developments in 2018, as compared to last year?
庄重：我一直很关注比特币和区块链领域的论文，也参加了最近两次的Scaling Bitcoin会议。比特币相关研究其实一直都很活跃，但是很多并不为人所知。
: I've been following papers in the area of bitcoin and block chains, and I have participated in two recent Scaling Bitcoin meetings. Bitcoin-related research has been very active, but many are unknown.
以SegWit为例，其实从最初的设计到开发实现，技术选型背后都有非常多的研究和讨论。可以参考之前写的一个简单介绍： https://github.com/coinPods/podcast/blob/master/ep1-segwit.md
In the case of SegWit, there is a lot of research and discussion behind the technology selection from the initial design to the development. A brief introduction can be found earlier: https://github.com/coinPods/podcast/blob/master/ep1-segwit.md
刚起步既有普及率的问题，这需要开发者，用户，交易所，钱包，整个社区共同努力去推进。同时这个技术也带来了很多新的研究方向，比如新的签名算法，新的脚本语言，提高隐私和减少容量的MAST等等。这些需要在之后的Bitcoin版本升级中才会被看到。
At the outset, there are problems of penetration, which require developers, users, exchanges, wallets, and the community as a whole to work together. At the same time, the technology has brought a number of new research directions, such as a new signature algorithm, a new script language, a MAST that enhances privacy and reduces capacity.
从今年的Scaling会议看，研究方向分布在：链上扩容方案，多重签名优化方案，闪电网络和支付通道，侧链和跨链方案。比较有意思的是去年Scaling会议上的Graphene技术现在却在被BitcoinABC团队在推进。当然Gmaxwell也很详细解释了为什么不在Bitcoin使用，我们的BTC区块链浏览器已经上线了闪电网络交易的识别，目前闪电网络方案需要的WatchTower服务也在计划之中。
From this year’s Scaling meeting, the research was directed towards: chain-based magnification programmes, multiple signature optimization programmes, lightning networks and payment channels, side chains, and cross-chain programmes. Interestingly enough, the Graphene technology at last year’s Scalling meeting is now being advanced by the Bitcoin ABC team.
网易区块链：能简单科普一下WatchTower吗？
web-based block chains: Can you get a simple copy of WatchTower?
庄重：目前闪电网络的方案是需要盯着你的对手方，一旦他广播了一个更早的状态就需要发另一个交易惩罚他。WatchTower服务就可以帮助用户做到实时监控和广播事先给出的交易，而不需要一直运行闪电网络节点。这个也是现在使用上很不便的一个地方，BTC.com矿池在今年7月完成了在RSK主网上联合挖矿的部署，这个也是目前一个比较有名的侧链项目了。
solemnly : The current programme of the Lightning Network is to keep an eye on your opponent and to send another deal to punish him once he's broadcasting an earlier state. The WatchTower service can help users monitor and broadcast pre-sent transactions in real time, rather than running flashnet nodes. This is also a very difficult place to use, and the BTC.com pit completed its deployment on the RSK main web site in July this year, which is now a more famous side-link project.
网易区块链：那我们对照比特币的时间线和交易手续费的变化曲线，市场行情的波动和用户的流动性会影响交易手续费，进而影响到矿工的收益。BTC.com矿池在保障矿工收益方面下了哪些功夫呢？
web-based block chains: What does the BTC.com pond do to safeguard miners' earnings by affecting transaction fees by the volatility of markets and the mobility of users against the changing curves in Bitcoin's time lines and transaction fees?
庄重：BTC.com向来秉承客户至上的原则，在收益方面做到最大化让利给矿工。我们采取的分配方式是领先于行业平均水平的FPPS模式，除了将挖矿收益的每一部分都分配给矿工，同时避免了幸运值对矿工收益产生影响，风险都由矿池自己来承担。针对新上线的币种我们也在不断优化，比如以太坊，我们在持续改进叔块率，也给parity提交了代码。我们BTC矿池支持的智能代理即将支持以太坊，这会大大减少矿场网络带来的算力波动。
weight : BTC.com has always been guided by the principle of customer supremacy to maximize returns to miners. We have been distributed in the FPPS model, which is ahead of industry averages, except that every portion of the mining proceeds is allocated to miners, while avoiding the risk that lucky values will affect the miners' earnings. The risk is borne by the pits themselves. We are also optimizing the currency for new lines, for example, in Taipan, where we are continuously improving the rate of centiles and submitting codes to parity. The smart agents that we support in the BTC ponds are about to support the pits, which will significantly reduce the numeric fluctuations in the network.
网易区块链：在比特币交易中，除了交易所、钱包这些比较容易理解其用途的应用，近段时间经常也会听到大家提起区块链浏览器，您可否跟我们介绍一下区块链浏览器的基本应用场景呢？有没有什么特别的用途可以跟我们分享？
庄重：刚才我多次提到了BTC.com的区块链浏览器，简单来说，区块浏览器是查询区块链信息的主要窗口。基本的应用场景包括对地址，交易哈希，区块信息的搜索。用户可以轻松获取交易是否确认，转账手续费是多少、给你转账的地址有多土豪之类的信息，我们会基于区块链上数据产生可视化报表，比如财富分布，矿池算力分布，交易手续费预测等等。
weight : I have just mentioned BTC.com's block-chain browser on several occasions. In short, block browsers are the main window for searching for block-chain information. Basic applications include searching for addresses, transactions, block information. Users can easily access information on whether transactions are confirmed, how much money money is transferred to you, and we can generate visualized statements based on data on block-chains, such as wealth distribution, mineral pool numeracy distribution, transaction fee forecasting, etc.
我们也刚上线了以太坊区块链浏览器 https://eth.btc.com，从产品上可以看到有Token排名等更多和区块链外数据结合的数据展示。我们将持续推出各种区块链数据的深度解析，也欢迎合作方提出定制需求。希望区块链浏览器在未来成为用户了解区块链数据的入口。
We have also just been online with the Etherton Block Chain Browser, https://eth.btc.com, and we can see more data on products, such as the Token ranking and the combination of data from outside the block chain. We will continue to present the depth of the various block chain data and welcome partners to request customization. We hope that the Block Chain Browser will in the future become the user's gateway to the block chain data.
网易区块链：比如哪方面的数据解析，能透露一下吗?
web-based block links: For example, what kind of data analysis can be revealed?
庄重：这个需求通常用户会比我们更了解，我们也在不断探索。我们能够提供的是高效率，稳定的基础设施。举一些例子：Fomo3d合约最活跃的用户是哪些，去中心化交易所的真实成交量，大额交易监控。
网易区块链：除了比特币，加密货币市值前三的币种还有以太坊。在您看来，比特币和以太坊的共性和差异是什么？
庄重：以太坊社区的技术人员也非常活跃的，正在举行的devcon4看起来比往年更加火爆。以太坊作为智能合约平台，一些技术选型比比特币激进很多。当然目前也开始遇到了比较严峻的技术挑战，以太坊的扩容问题更为致命，我们在以太坊矿池和浏览器开发过程中也体会到了很多以太坊带来的技术问题。
网易区块链：请教一下，有什么问题？又是怎么克服的呢？
web-based block chains: What's the problem, and how can it be overcome?
庄重：首先是节点的稳定性，无论是parity还是geth都有突然crash，无法获取最新挖矿任务等问题。其次就是对于节点配置要求很高，必须是用固态硬盘的云服务器。以太坊浏览器需要部署一个全节点，这花了近2周才同步完成，磁盘占用惊人。另外，以太坊开发人员并没有考虑很多正对矿池的优化，比如比特币常见的空块策略，没有getblocktemplate这种方便的接口等等。
solemnly : First, the stability of nodes, either parity or geth, has sudden crashes that do not have access to the latest mining tasks. Second, the node configuration is very demanding, and it must be a cloud server with a solid hard disk. It takes almost two weeks for an entire node to be deployed in an Ether browser, and the disk is amazingly occupied. Moreover, the node developers do not consider a lot of optimization of the pits, such as the usual empty bitcoin strategy, the lack of convenient interfaces such as the gatblocktemplatate.
网易区块链：那BTC.com在持续专注比特币的生态建设同时，在进军以太坊方面 除了浏览器外 还有什么打算？
庄重：我们计划在浏览器的基础上推出API服务，方便开发者使用，同时我们也将推出类似infura.io这样的基础设施服务。当然还有我们的以太坊矿池，服务好矿工，服务好开发者，服务好广大用户。
（图片来自btc.com官网） (photograph from btc.com) 网易区块链：最后一问，让我们回归到比特币，在比特币白皮书发布十周年之际，跟大家分享一下您的从业心得以及行业前瞻吧。 web-based block chains: Last question, let us return to Bitcoin and share with you your professional and industry perspective on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the publication of the Bitcoin White Paper. 庄重：币圈一日，人间一年，技术演进，市场趋势，监管政策，币圈的变化永远是停不下来，时刻要保持敬畏和学习的开放心态。相信区块链行业会在沉淀之后进入新的蓬勃发展阶段。这个行业有着无限可能，会有各种新的业务形态产生。无论大家是先烈还是刚上车的韭菜，希望大家保持探索的状态，期待新阶段的到来。 : Every day, every year, every year, technological evolution, market trends, regulatory policies, currency changes will never stop, and there will always be an open mind to fear and learn. It is believed that the block chain industry will move into a new and dynamic phase of development after sinking. This industry has unlimited possibilities, with new patterns of business. 十周年之际发现矿池行业已经是一个古典的区块链行业了，亲眼看着50btc, btcguild, ghash.io从辉煌到没落。如今各大矿池在技术上的差距已经比过去小了很多，竞争日趋激烈。未来矿池的业务也会进入多元化，需要和其他业务结合，玩法会更多。 At the tenth anniversary, it was discovered that the mineral industry was already a classical block chain industry, seeing 50btc, btcguild, ghash.io from glory to failure. The technological gap between the major ponds is now much smaller and more competitive.
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