比特币生态系统的现状与流动性提升的新路径

自2009年中本聪发布比特币白皮书以来，比特币一直被誉为“数字黄金”，在加密货币领域占据着不可动摇的地位。其去中心化、稀缺性和安全性，增强了其作为长期价值储存工具的吸引力。

Since Ben was released the Bitcoin White Paper in mid-2009, Bitcoin has been known as “digital gold” & #xff0c; it occupies an unshakeable position in the area of crypto-currency. It is decentralized, scarce and safe & #xff0c; it enhances its attractiveness as a long-term value storage tool.

相比之下，以太坊自2015年问世以来，凭借其强大的智能合约平台和灵活的开发环境，迅速成为了区块链行业的另一个重要支柱。以太坊的智能合约功能为去中心化应用程序（dApps）的开发提供了无限可能，使其在去中心化金融（DeFi）和非同质化代币（NFT）领域取得了显著的成就。

By contrast, xff0c; xff0c since Etheria was born in 2015; xff0c, with its powerful smart contract platform and flexible development environment xff0c; quickly became another important pillar of the block chain industry. Using the community's smart contract function as a decentralised application xff08; dapps） development offers unlimited possibilities xff0c; making it centralized xff08; DeFixff09; and non-consynthesic indignator xff08; NFT#xff09; notable achievements in the field.

尽管比特币在加密世界占据重要地位，但是与以太坊相比，比特币生态系统仍面临一些独特的挑战：

Despite the importance of Bitcoin in the encrypted world xff0c; however, there are some unique challenges to the Bitcoin ecosystem xff1a compared to the Etherpau;

1. 缺乏智能合约平台：比特币生态系统中缺乏强大的智能合约平台，限制了复杂dApps和DeFi的发展。

   lacks smart contract platforms & #xff1a; lacks powerful smart contract platforms in the Bitcoin ecosystem & #xff0c; limits the development of complex dapps and deFi.

2. 资产利用不足：对于许多比特币持有者来说，一个重大挑战是他们的资产未得到充分利用，导致错失了在DeFi和NFT等新兴行业中获利的机会。

   underutilized xff1a; for many Bitcoin holders xff0c; a major challenge is that their assets are underutilized xff0c; and the opportunity to profit from emerging industries such as DeFi and NFT is missed.

3. BTC在各种区块链网络中的碎片化问题：比特币被分散在多个独立的区块链网络和二层解决方案中，这些网络之间可能缺乏有效的互操作性和兼容性，从而限制了比特币的应用和流动性。

   BTC fragmentation in various block chain networks xff1a; bitcoin is dispersed in several separate block chain networks and second-tier solutions xff0c; there may be a lack of effective interoperability and compatibility between these networks xff0c; thereby limiting Bitcoin applications and liquidity.

尽管比特币的原始设计相对简单，但其社区和开发者不断推动技术创新，以提升其功能和可用性。其中，SegWit更新通过将交易信息和签名信息分离，解决了交易延展性问题并增加了区块容量；Taproot更新引入了Schnorr签名技术，提高了交易的隐私性和效率，为链上智能合约的发展奠定了基础；BRC-20标准则使得比特币网络能够支持代币化资产的创建和交易，扩展了其应用场景并增强了在去中心化金融和其他区块链应用中的竞争力，为比特币的金融应用场景提供了潜力和基础。

Despite the relative simplicity of Bitcoin’s original design xff0c, its communities and developers are constantly promoting technological innovation xff0c; increasing its functionality and availability. Among these, xff0c; SegWit updates by separating transactional and signature information xff0c; resolving the problem of trade extensions and increasing block capacity xff1b; Taproot updates introducing Schnorr signature technology xff0c; improving the privacy and efficiency of transactions xff0c; laying the foundation for the development of smart contracts on the chain xff1b; BRC-20 standards enable the Bitcoin network to support the creation and trading of monetized assets xff0c; expanding its application landscape and enhancing competitiveness in the application of decentralized financial and other block chains xff0c; and providing potential and foundation for the Bitcoin financial application landscape.

前赴后继的创业者们并未止步不前，他们不断探索新的解决方案和应用场景。随着技术的进步，比特币的流动性正逐步得到提升。GeekCartel通过梳理一些比特币流动性解决方案，旨在带领大家了解这些项目的发展和技术原理，并从更全面的角度观察最新的发展，帮助用户更好地利用比特币资产和探索更多的应用场景。注意：本文不构成投资建议。

xff0c; they continue to explore new solutions and applications. As technology advances xff0c; the liquidity of Bitcoin is gradually increasing. GeekCartel, by collating some of the Bitcoin liquidity solutions xff0c; to lead people to understand the development and technical rationale of these projects xff0c; to observe the latest developments from a more comprehensive perspective xff0c; to help users make better use of Bitcoin assets and to explore more applications. xff1a; this does not constitute an investment proposal.

Babylon: 将比特币安全带入Pos生态

技术实现：

Technology Achievementxff1a;

1. 校验点（Checkpointing）：在每个epoch结束时，诚实的验证者会签署该时期最后一个PoS区块的哈希值，并将这个哈希值和他们的签名作为校验点提交到比特币网络。由于比特币区块链具有不可更改性和时间顺序的特性，这些校验点提供了一个不可篡改的时间证明。

   checkpoint & #xff08; Checkpointing） ： at the end of each epoch & #xff0c; honest verifiers will sign the Hashi & #xff0c of the last PoS block during this period; and submit the Hashi value and their signatures to the Bitcoin network as verification points. Due to the immutable and chronological nature of the Bitcoin block chain xff0c; these checkpoints provide an immutable time certificate.

2. 惩罚机制（Slashing）：如果一个验证者的行为被判定为恶意的（例如，签署了冲突的区块），那么他们的质押资金会被削减。比特币区块链上的校验点使得这种削减行为有了一个时间上的证据支持，证明在某个特定时间之前，恶意行为确实已经发生。

   penalty mechanisms & #xff08; Slashing） & #xff1a; if a certifying person is found guilty of acts of bad faith & #xff08; e.g. #xff0c; signed blocks & #xff09; & #xff0c; then their pledged funds are cut. The verification points on the Bitcon block chain provide a time-bound evidentiary support for such a reduction xff0c; proof that xff0c; malicious acts have indeed occurred before a certain time.

比特币时间戳协议还可以解决PoS长距离攻击。长距离攻击是指利用了PoS链中验证节点解质押后，回到他们还是质押者身份的某个历史区块，启动一条分叉链的可能性。这个问题是PoS系统固有的，无法仅通过改进PoS链的共识机制本身来彻底解决，不论是以太坊还是Cosmos等PoS链都面临着这一挑战。

The Bitcoin time stamping agreement also solves PoS long-range attacks. Long-range attacks refer to the use of the proof node in the PoS chain to release the pledge xff0c; the possibility of returning to one of the historical blocks of their or the pledgeor's identity xff0c; and the possibility of starting a fork chain. The issue is xff0c, inherent in the PoS system; xff0c cannot be resolved once and for all by means of a consensus mechanism that improves the PoS chain itself; this challenge is faced by the PoS chain, whether it is in Taipan or Cosmos.

通过引入比特币时间戳，PoS链的链上数据将会以带有比特币时间戳的形式，存储在比特币链上，即便有人想再造一条PoS链的fork，它对应的比特币时间戳肯定晚于原链，所以此时长距离攻击就会失效。

By introducing the Bitcoin time stamp xff0c; the data on the PoS chain will be in the form of a Bitcoin time stamp xff0c; stored on the Bitcoin chain xff0c; even if someone wants to recreate a PoS chain forforkxff0c; the corresponding bitcoin time stamp is definitely later than the original chain xff0c; so the long-range attack will cease to exist.

比特币质押协议：该协议允许比特币持有者质押其闲置的比特币，以提高PoS链的安全性，并在此过程中获得收益。

Bitcoin pledge & #xff1a; it allows Bitcoin holders to pledge their idle bitcoin & #xff0c; improves the security of the PoS chain & #xff0c; and gains in the process.

比特币质押协议的核心基础设施是比特币与 PoS 链之间的Control Plane。

The core infrastructure of the Bitcoin pledge agreement is Contractor Plane, between the Bitcoin and PoS chains.

Control Plane以链的形式实现，以确保它是去中心化的、安全的、抗审查的和可扩展的，Data Plane代表PoS链，这个控制平面负责各种关键功能，包括：

Control Plane achieves xff0c in chain form; ensures it is decentralized, secure, resistant and scalable xff0c; Data Plane represents PoS chain xff0c; this control plane is responsible for key functions xff0c; includes xff1a;

• 为 PoS 链提供比特币时间戳服务，以使它们能够与比特币网络同步。

  Bitcoin time stamping service for the Pos chain xff0c; to enable them to synchronize with the Bitcoin network.

• 充当市场，匹配比特币权益和PoS链，并跟踪质押和验证信息，如EOTS密钥注册和刷新;

  Acting as a market & #xff0c; matching Bitcoin interest and PoS chain & #xff0c; and tracking pledge and authentication information & #xff0c; e.g. registration and updating of EOTS keys;

• 记录 PoS 链的最终性签名； Babylon使用先进的密码学技术，如一次性提取签名（EOTS），将可削减的PoS攻击转换为可用于销毁的比特币UTXO。

  Recording the final signature of the PoS chain xff1b; Babylon using advanced cryptography xff0c; e.g. one-time withdrawal signature xff08; EOTS） xff0c; converting reduced PoS attacks to Bitcoin UTXO for destruction.

EOTS 是一种特殊的数字签名方案，如果在相同高度对不同的块进行签名会导致密钥泄露。比特币网络使用 UTXO 模型来跟踪交易和账户余额。每个 UTXO 代表比特币网络中某个地址的一定数量的比特币，这些比特币可以被该地址的私钥持有者支配。

EOTS is a special digital signature scheme xff0c; signing different blocks at the same height can lead to key disclosure. The Bitcoin network uses the UTXO model to track transactions and account balances. Each UTXO represents a certain amount of bitcoin xff0c of an address in the Bitcoin network; these bitcoins can be controlled by the private key holder of the address.

当 PoS 验证者质押比特币以参与网络的共识过程时，他们的质押行为被锁定在特定的 UTXO 中。通过使用EOTS，确保验证者违反协议时（如在同一个高度对两个不同的区块进行签名），他们的私钥将被泄露。一旦私钥被泄露，这个私钥可签署一个将原始质押的比特币发送到一个烧毁地址的交易。这样，违规的验证者就会因为自己的不诚实行为而受到经济上的惩罚。

When the PoS certifying officer pledges Bitcoin to participate in the consensus process of the network xff0c; their pledge is locked in a particular UTXO. By using EOTS， by ensuring that the certifying officer violates the agreement xff08; by signing two different blocks at the same altitude xff09; xff0c; their private key will be leaked. Once the private key has been leaked xff0c; the private key may sign a transaction to send the original pledged bitcoin to a burned address. xff0c; and the certifier will be financially punished for his own dishonest behaviour.

综上所述，Babylon是一个Layer 1 区块链，通过比特币时间戳和比特币质押协议，将比特币的安全性传递到众多 PoS 链上，增强了这些链的安全性，并为比特币持有者提供了收益机会。其独特的质押方案允许比特币持有者质押 BTC 而无需桥接。然而，由于质押 BTC 被锁定在智能合约中，这些 BTC 将在 UTXO 中以未花费状态呈现，随着质押量的增加，可能导致比特币链上交易处理速度下降和交易费用上升，这是 Babylon 面临的主要挑战之一。

In summary & #xff0c; Babylon is a Layer 1 block chain & #xff0c; & #xff0c pass by bitcoin time stamp and bitcoin pledge & #xff0c; conveys the security of bitcoin to numerous PoS chains & #xff0c; enhances the security of these chains & #xff0c; and provides income opportunities for Bitcoin holders. Its unique pledge programme allows Bitcoin holders to pledge BTC without bridge connections. However, #xff0c; locking BTC in smart contracts & #xff0c; these BTCs will present #xff0c in UTXO as uncosted; as the amount of pledge increases #xff0c; may lead to a decline in processing speed of the Bitcoin chain and an increase in transaction costs #xff0c; this is one of the major challenges facing Babylon.

项目进度：

Project Progressxff1a;