揭秘疯狂的比特币：每个800元 新的庞氏骗局？

　　一、

I.

　　最近，一种名为“比特币”的网络虚拟货币逐渐走进大众视野，而来自国内媒体的一条最新消息更是进一步拉近了中国老百姓与这个特殊货币的距离。根据媒体报道，就在四川芦山4·20地震后，比特币被当做捐款汇入了壹基金的账户。那么这个比特币到底是什么？它从哪里来？又能做什么？今天我们就来关注这个神秘的货币。

Recently, an online virtual currency called “bitcoin” has gradually moved into public view, and an update from the domestic media has further distanced Chinese citizens from this special currency. According to media reports, after the 4-20 earthquake in Sichuan Hill, Bitcoin was transferred into a fund account as a donation.

　　今天，和往常一样，翟文杰上班以后第一件事情，就是打开电脑，登录了一个挖掘比特币的网站。比特币玩家翟文杰说：“刚刚是8484，涨到8518。每分钟都在跳动的数字是给自己的一个刺激，就是我在挣钱，我在挣钱。”看上去翟文杰开着电脑，什么也没干，但短短几个小时，他的机器就自动已经挖到了0.85个比特币。他又打开了国内最大的比特币交易网站，今天比特币兑换人民币的行情是每个800元。这意味着，几个小时的功夫，翟文杰已经赚到了七百元。

The first thing that happened today, as usual, was to open a computer and log into a web site to dig bitcoin. The Bitcoin player, Vanger, said, "It was just 8484, up to 8518. The number that was beating every minute is an incentive to myself, and I'm making money, and I'm making money." It looks like he's running a computer, nothing, but in a few hours, and his machine automatically has reached 0.85 bitcoins. He's opened the country's largest bitcoin trading website, and today it's 800 yuan. That means that he's already made $700 a few hours of kung fu.

　　孙敏杰也是个比特币的爱好者，他和同事们常常讨论比特币的行情，只要机会合适，他们就会购进一些。这个让玩家们如痴如醉的比特币诞生于4年前。2008 年，一个化名叫中本聪的黑客在一个隐秘的密码学讨论组上贴出了一篇研究报告，勾画出了对比特币的构想。2009 年，他又为这个系统建立了一个开放源代码项目，正式宣告了比特币的诞生。

Sun Minjie is also a fan of Bitcoin, and he and his colleagues often discuss Bitcoin's behavior, and they buy it whenever the opportunity is right. This was born four years ago, when an intoxicated bitcoin was born. In 2008, a hacker named Nakamoto posted a study on a secret cryptography discussion group, drawing up the idea of Bitcoin. In 2009, he set up an open source project for the system, officially proclaiming the birth of Bitcoin.

　　比特币不依赖于特定的中央发行机构，而是使用遍布整个点对点网络节点的分布式数据库来记录货币的交易，并使用密码学的设计来确保货币流通各个环节安全性。用户可以使用计算机依照规定的算法，进行大量的运算来“开采”比特币。在“开采”时，需要用电脑搜寻64位数字，通过反复解密，并与其他淘金者相互竞争，为比特币网络提供所需的数据。如果用户的电脑成功地创造出一组数字，那么就将会获得25个比特币的奖励。由于比特币系统采用了分散化编程，所以目前在每10分钟内只能获得25个比特币。与此同时，用户们也可以在网上的交易平台上买卖来获取比特币。

Bitcoin is not dependent on a particular central issuer, but rather uses distributed databases covering the entire point-to-point network nodes to record currency transactions and uses cryptography designs to ensure the security of the money flow chain. Users can “exploit” bitcoins using computers according to prescribed algorithms.

　　这个机房就是翟文杰“挖矿”的地方。这些是翟文杰自己改装过的专门用来挖掘比特币的机器。八片显卡几乎日夜不停地进行计算，房间里的温度明显要高于外面。翟文杰说：“一共是12个矿机，在边上还有，因为它放着散热量太大，你手感受一下，现在都可以煮鸡蛋。耗电量这一天得有60块左右。”孙敏杰“挖矿”的机器也几乎没有停止过转动。孙敏杰说：“它挖矿的原理就是有一套非常复杂的加密解密算法，做离散数列的运算，然后它平均分配给这些所有连接在网上的挖矿的人，这样的话，就是谁贡献的运算能力多，谁分到的也就越多。”

The engine room is the place where Svenjie's mine is “destroyed”. These are the machines used to dig bitcoin, adapted by Svenjie himself. Eight cards are calculated almost overnight, and the temperature in the room is significantly higher than outside. He said, “It's a total of 12 machines, and there's more on the side, because it has too much heat on it, so you can cook eggs now, because you can feel it. It's about 60 pieces of energy this day.” Sun Minjie's mine-digging machine has hardly stopped turning. Sun Minjie said, “The rationale for digging is that it has a very complex cryptography algorithm, and then it distributes them equally to all the diggers connected to the Internet, so that whoever contributes more and gets more.”

　　虽然是看不见摸不着的虚拟货币，但是比特币已经变得不容忽视了。4月23日，壹基金宣布，已收到意向捐赠50个比特币。这是比特币在中国第一次成为捐赠物。而在遥远的欧洲小国塞浦路斯，比特币也风光了一把。今年以来，塞浦路斯政府对储户的银行存款征税。而人们突然发现，不受管制的虚拟货币比特币可以避税，也可以和美元等多种货币兑换，这减少了他们的财富流失。在塞浦路斯街头，甚至出现了比特币的提款机。那么在玩家们的眼里，比特币到底是什么？有人认为它和黄金一样贵重，但也有人认为它一文不值。北京安邦咨询有限公司研究员刘枭说：“相比黄金而言，它最大的缺陷就是它只是一个二进制的一个文件。”

This is the first time that bitcoin has become a donation in China. And in a remote small European country, Cyprus, bitcoin has been the best. Since this year, the Cyprus government has taxed bank deposits by depositors. And people suddenly find that unregulated virtual currency bitcoin is tax-free and can be exchanged with various currencies, such as the United States dollar, which reduces their wealth loss. On the streets of Cyprus, even there are bitcoins. So what is bitcoin in the eyes of the players? Some think it is as valuable as gold, but some think it is.

　　尽管关于比特币的争论没有共识，但是所有的人都看到，世界上没有任何一种货币比虚拟货币比特币的增长轨迹更加刺激。在2011年，曾经有报道说，过去一年涨幅最高的货币是澳元，它兑美元的涨幅是27%；然而同样的一年之内，比特币兑美元，却是从0.5美元，涨到了13美元，涨幅高达2600%。并且比特币丝毫没有放松大涨的势头，今年四月的比特币更是一路冲到了一比特币兑换266美元！惊人的比特币行情，让一批人搭上了这趟财富的过山车。

Although there is no consensus on the Bitcoin debate, everyone sees that no currency in the world is more stimulating than the growth trajectory of the virtual currency Bitcoin. In 2011, it was reported that the highest currency in the past year was the Australian dollar, which rose 27% against the dollar; yet, in the same year, Bitcoin rose from $0.5 to $13, up 2600%.

　　在全球最大的挖比特币的网站上，有一个代码为67717的帐号，始终排在挖矿数量的第一名。翟文杰说：“国内超级玩家，这个人他们是个公司，公司化的挖矿，他们这个叫烤猫，深圳的一家公司。你看它的ID，全网，全世界排名第一。”根据公布的运算能力算来，这家仅有四个人的公司每天挖到比特币财富的数量十分惊人。翟文杰说：“它(运算力)是7549G一天能产生357个。现在357个，简单的按800元(每比特币)算的话，一天是28万6千元。”

On the world's largest dig-in-bitcoin site, there's a code code 67717, always ranked first in the number of digs. "The domestic superplayers, this man is a company, corporate digs, they're called a roast cat, Shenzhen's company. You see its ID, the whole network, and the world's number one." According to published computing power, this company of only four people digs up the amount of Bitcoin's wealth every day. He says, "It's 7549 G, which produces 357 a day. Now 357 units, based simply on 800 dollars (per bit) per day, are 286,000 dollars a day."

　　不光是挖矿者，制就连造挖矿机的人也成了亿万富翁。这台机器是一个网名叫南瓜张的博士改装的，用它挖比特币的运算速度远远地超过了一般的显卡挖矿机。翟文杰说：“今年已经挣很多钱了，他(南瓜张)卖了一批是600个单位，当时算是4万人民币一台其实很简单600台就是2400万，它第一批第二批的研发费用这一批全赚回来了”

Not only are diggers, but even the diggers became billionaires. The machine was modified by a net-named doctor named Pumpkin Chang, who used it to dig bitcoins much faster than the average card miner. He said, "He's already made a lot of money this year. He sold 600 units.

　　不仅如此，国内最大的比特币交易网站也是日进斗金。翟文杰说：“它的手续费是0.3%，千分之三的样子。像现在交易8400个(比特币)，千分之三它就赚到了24个，现在我们一算就是2万人民币了，它只是交易的，它买家卖家都收，它赚到了4万8。”

Moreover, the country's largest bitcoin trading website is also a Japanese gold. He says, "It costs 0.3%, three percent." Like 8,400 (bitcoins) now, it earns 24, and now we're 20,000 yuan, it's just a trade, it's a buyer, and it earns 48,000."

　　翟文杰亲眼目睹了太多的人靠比特币发家。他觉得自己再也不能错过这次机会。于是他花了840个比特币，从南瓜张那里订了十二台挖矿机。如果按现在一个比特币800元的市价计算，这批挖矿机已经价值近70万元。新的机器会比翟文杰现在挖矿用的机器效率高十几倍，翟文杰算了笔帐，新机器一天可以挖到24个比特币，一个月便可以收回所有的成本。

So he spent 840 bitcoins and ordered 12 diggers from pumpkin lengths. If the current market price of 800 bitcoins is around 700,000 dollars, the new machine will be ten times more efficient than the machine used to dig mines now, and the new machine will be able to dig 24 bitcoins a day and recover all the costs a month.

　　同样尝到了比特币甜头的孙敏杰也刚刚下了挖矿机的订单，他和他的同事们从美国买来了五台挖矿机。然而，比特币的“金矿”并不是取之不尽用之不竭，根据创始人中本聪的设计，比特币的总量只有2100万个，目前比特币的货币生产速度是每10分钟25个新比特币。但是每四年，比特币产出的数量就会减半，直到达到数量上限。随着挖掘的人增多，每个参与者能挖到的币也会越来越少。

He and his colleagues have bought five miners from the United States. However, Bitcoin's “gold mines” are not inexhaustible. According to the founder's design, there are only 21 million bitcoins, and bitcoins are now produced at the rate of 25 new bitcoins every 10 minutes. But every four years, Bitcoins output will be halved until they reach the ceiling. As the number of diggers increases, the amount of money that each participant can dig will be smaller.

　　因此，对于矿工们来说，时间十分的宝贵。翟文杰说，下个月，等他新的挖矿机到了，他打算给它们安排个新家，甚至还要请个“保姆。”

So time is very valuable for the miners. He says that next month, when his new miner arrives, he's going to set them up with a new home and even a nanny.