什么是加密数字货币？加密数字货币的优缺点分析

加密数字货币是依靠计算机运算的一组方程式开源代码，通过计算机的显卡、CPU大量的运算处理产生，并使用密码学的设计来确保货币流通各个环节安全性。它不依靠法定货币机构发行，不受央行管控。

Encrypted digital currencies are a set of open source equations that rely on computer operations, are generated through computer visible cards, large CPU operations, and are designed by cryptography to ensure the safety of the money flow chain. It is not issued by statutory monetary institutions and is not controlled by central banks.

加密数字货币的鼻祖是比特币， 比特币(Bitcoin)的概念最初由中本聪在2008年11月1日提出，并于2009年1月3日正式诞生。比特币是根据中本聪的思路设计发布的开源软件以及建构其上的P2P网络，是一种P2P形式的加密数字货币，点对点的传输意味着一个去中心化的支付系统。

The concept of encrypted digital money was originally proposed by Bintcoin on 1 November 2008 and officially launched on 3 January 2009. Bitcoin is an open source software designed on the basis of Chinese-brained thinking, as well as the construction of its P2P network, an encrypted digital currency in the form of a P2P, and point-to-point transmission means a decentralised payment system.

与所有的传统货币及电子货币不同，比特币不依靠特定货币机构发行，它依据特定算法，通过大量的计算产生。比特币经济使用整个P2P网络中众多节点构成的分布式数据库来确认并记录所有的交易行为，并使用密码学的设计来确保货币流通各个环节安全性。

Unlike all traditional and electronic currencies, Bitcoins do not depend on specific monetary institutions for issuance, which are generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. The Bitcoin economy uses distributed databases consisting of numerous nodes in the entire P2P network to identify and record all transactions and uses cryptography to ensure the security of all segments of currency circulation.

P2P的去中心化特性与算法本身可以确保无法通过大量制造比特币来人为操控币值，基于密码学的设计可以使比特币只能被真实的拥有者转移或支付，这同样确保了货币所有权与流通交易的匿名性。比特币与其他虚拟货币最大的不同，是其总数量非常有限，具有极强的稀缺性。

The decentralized properties and algorithms of P2P can themselves ensure that the value of the currency cannot be artificially controlled by large amounts of bitcoins, and that cryptography-based designs enable bitcoins to be transferred or paid only by their true owners, which also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. Bitcoins, the biggest difference between other virtual currencies, are of a very limited total and extremely scarce nature.

自比特币面世后，至今，世界各地的技术团队及机构相继推出了数千种加密数字货币，总市值最高突破2万亿人民币。

Since the advent of Bitcoin, thousands of encrypted digital currencies have been introduced by technical teams and institutions around the world to date, with a total market value of up to RMB 2 trillion.

去中心化：加密数字货币大多数整个网络由用户构成，没有中央银行，去中心化是加密数字货币安全与自由的保证 。

Decentralization: Most of the entire network of encrypted digital money is made up of users, without central banks, decentralization is a guarantee of security and freedom of encrypted digital money.

全世界流通：加密数字货币可以在任意一台接入互联网的电脑上管理，不管身处何方，任何人都可以挖掘、购买、出售或收取加密数字货币。

Worldwide circulation: Encrypted digital currency can be managed on any computer with Internet access, wherever it may be, by anyone who digs, buys, sells or collects encrypted digital currency.

专属所有权：操控加密数字货币需要私钥，它可以被隔离保存在任何存储介质，除了用户自己之外无人可以获取。

Exclusive ownership: Controlling encrypted digital money requires a private key, which can be stored in isolation in any storage medium and is accessible to no one other than the user itself.

低交易费用：可以免费汇出加密数字货币，也可以支付极低的交易费以确保交易更快执行。

Low transaction costs: Encrypted digital currencies can be transferred free of charge, and very low transaction costs can be paid to ensure faster transaction execution.

无隐藏成本：作为由A到B的支付手段，加密数字货币没有繁琐的额度与手续限制，知道对方比特币地址就可以进行支付。

No hidden costs: As a means of payment from A to B, encrypted digital currencies are not subject to onerous limits and formalities and can be paid by knowing the other party's Bitcoin address.

匿名、免税、免监管。

Anonymous, tax exemption, exemption from supervision.

完全去处中心化:没有发行机构，也就不可能操纵发行数量，其发行与流通，是通过开源的p2p算法实现。

Full decentralization: without the issuer, it is impossible to manipulate the number of distributions, which are distributed and circulated through the open source p2p algorithm.

健壮性:加密数字货币完全依赖p2p网络，无发行中心，所以外部无法关闭它。加密数字货币价格波动较大，政府即使操纵也不能完全关闭加密数字货币的网络。

Robustness: Encrypted digital money depends entirely on the p2p network and has no distribution centre, so it cannot be shut down externally. Encrypted digital money prices are highly volatile, and the government cannot completely shut down the network of encrypted digital money even if it is manipulated.

无国界、跨境:跨国汇款，传统货币交易会经过层层外汇管制机构，而且交易记录会被多方记录在案。但如果用加密数字货币交易，直接输入数字地址，点一下鼠标，等待p2p网络确认交易后，大量资金就过去了。不经过任何管控机构，也不会留下任何跨境交易记录。

Cross-border, cross-border: cross-border remittances, traditional currency transactions pass through layers of foreign-exchange control agencies, and transactions are recorded in multiple records. If an encrypted digital-currency transaction is carried out, a digital address is entered directly, a mouse is clicked, and a large amount of money is left behind when the transaction is confirmed by the p2p network.

交易平台的脆弱性:加密数字货币网络很健壮，但交易平台很脆弱，交易平台通常是一个网站，而网站会遭到黑客攻击，或者遭到主管部门的关闭。

Vulnerabilities of trading platforms: Encrypted digital money networks are robust, but trading platforms are fragile, and trading platforms are usually web sites that can be hacked or shut down by the authorities.

交易确认时间长:如比特币钱包初次安装时，会消耗大量时间下载历史交易数据块。而比特币交易时，为了确认数据准确性，会消耗一些时间，与p2p网络进行交互，得到全网确认后，交易才算完成。

The transaction is confirmed over a long period of time: when a Bitcoin wallet is first installed, a significant amount of time is spent downloading historical transaction blocks. When a bitcoin transaction takes place, it takes some time to confirm the accuracy of the data, to interact with the p2p network and to obtain a full web confirmation before the transaction is completed.

价格波动极大:由于大量炒家介入，导致加密数字货币兑换现金的价格如过山车一般起伏。

Price volatility is very high: a large number of home-based interventions have led to the price of encrypted digital currency for cash fluctuations, as is the case in mountain-crossing vehicles.

大众认知度底，对原理不理解，以及传统金融从业人员的抵制:活跃网民了解p2p网络的原理，知道加密数字货币无法人为操纵和控制。但大众并不理解，很多人甚至无法分清比特币和Q币的区别。“没有发行者”是比特币的优点，但在传统金融从业人员看来，“没有发行者”的货币毫无价值。

But the public does not understand that many people cannot even distinguish between bitcoins and Queens. “No issuer” is a bitcoin advantage, but, in the view of traditional financial practitioners, “no issuer” money is worthless.

加密数字货币经过十年的发展，已演化为加密数字货币与区块链技术，后者更多的被各国政府所拥护，投入了大量的研发力量在这一领域，数字化时代离我们已经不远了!

After 10 years of development, crypto-digital money has evolved into crypto-digital money and block chain technology, which is more embraced by governments and has invested a great deal of research and development in this field. The digital age is not far from us!