Web 3.0：区块链互联网

万维网创建之初，Web1.0时代，信息只能单向分发，人们通过门户网站浏览文字及图片，出现了如雅虎、搜狐等公司。

At the time of the creation of the World Wide Web, in the age of Web1.0, information was distributed only in one direction and text and pictures were viewed through the portal, resulting in companies such as Yahoo, Fox Search, etc.

Web2.0时代，随着JavaScript的出现，浏览器变的可编程了，可以添加各种各样的特征，用户间可以互动了，信息双向分发，出现了如Facebook、腾讯等公司。

In the Web 2.0 era, with the advent of JavaScript, the browser was programmed to add a variety of features, users were able to interact, information was distributed in both directions, and companies such as Facebook, tweets and others emerged.

Web3.0似乎只是一个概念，业界并没有共识。百度百科对Web3.0的解释模棱两可，谈了一堆技术细节，更让人费解的是配了一张这样的图解释Web3.0：

Web3.0 seems to be just a concept, and there is no consensus in industry.

图片来自百度百科 Web3.0

Image from 100% encyclopedia Web3.0

Web 2.0的问题

Question of Web 2.0

Web2.0的数据结构是用户只与中心化服务器相互连接。比如我们使用微信与人聊天其实并不是直接与对方连接，而是双方都与腾讯的服务器相连接，所有信息必须先经过腾讯服务器后才能发送出去，这无形之中赋予了中心化服务器巨大的权利。

Web2.0 data structure is that users are connected only to a centralised server. For example, we use micro-message to chat not directly with each other, but rather with a tweaking server, where all information has to pass through the tweaking server before being sent out. Invisiblely, this gives a huge power to the centralized server.

Web2.0：用户与中心化服务器关系

Web 2.0: User-centralised server relationship

互联网本应是去中心化的，Tim Berners-Lee发明万维网之初是希望任何人都能自由分享、获取信息，并实现跨区域的合作，现实显然不是这样。

The Internet was supposed to be decentralized, and Tim Berners-Lee originally invented the World Wide Web in the hope that everyone would share freely, access information and achieve cross-regional cooperation, which was clearly not the case.

现在互联网越来越中心化，国外Facebook、Google等，国内BAT，少数几个巨头已经将信息垄断。这些巨头控制了我们每天的信息输入，每个人都生活在他们为我们营造的世界里。他们可以让你知道些什么，不让你知道些什么；可以引导你关注什么，不关注什么；可以潜移默化地引导着你的喜好，甚至将属于你自己版权的内容删除。与此同时他们交易着你和别人的数据，从中获取巨额的暴利。这里推荐一篇霍炬去年写的文章《互联网完蛋了，已经。》。

Now the Internet is becoming more central, Facebook, Google, and so on, and a few big players in the country have been monopolizing information. These giants control our daily information entry, and everyone lives in the world they have created for us. They can let you know what you know and don't know. They can lead you to what you care about and don't care what you care about. They can subtly guide your preferences and even delete what belongs to your copyright. At the same time, they trade your data with other people and get huge profits from it. They recommend an article written last year by a torch

Web 3.0

如果用户访问的是去中心化的服务器呢？如果用户的数据是存储在无数多个去中心化的数据库里呢？

What if the user visits a decentralised server? What if the user's data is stored in numerous decentralised databases?

以太坊的出现让人们看到了希望，区块链似乎带来了解决方案。

The presence of the Etherm is a source of hope, and the chain of blocks seems to bring solutions.

在基于区块链技术构建的互联网上，用户不是与某个中心化的服务器相连接，而是直接与区块链相连接。

On the Internet, built on block chain technology, users are not connected to a centralized server but directly to the block chain.

比如在以太坊上，用户可以直接通过以太坊EVM访问其上的智能合约，或是在其上构建DAPP（去中心化应用）。由于以太坊本身是一个去中心化的网络，其上所有的服务器共享着同样的数据库，即使某个服务器被关闭并不会影响用户使用。

At Etheria, for example, users can access their smart contracts directly through EVM or build DAPP (decentralized applications) on it. Since Ether is itself a decentralised network, all servers on it share the same database, even if a server is shut down without affecting users.

Web3.0：用户与去中心化服务器关系

Web3.0: User relationship to decentralised servers

但新技术的出现总是伴随着缺陷，事实证明，以太坊是没有高并发处理能力的，同时其共识机制也导致升级缓慢、信息交互有gas费用。这意味着如果在以太坊上构建一个社交软件应用，虽然保护了用户隐私，但你发的每一条消息都有延迟，并且每条消息都有费用，这显然是不可行的。

But the emergence of new technologies has always been accompanied by shortcomings, as it has proved that the Etherm is not high and capable of processing, and that its consensus mechanisms have led to slow upgrading and information interactions with gas costs. This means that it is clearly not feasible to build a social software application at the Etherm, while protecting the privacy of users, that every message you send is delayed and every message is expensive.

新一代区块链操作系统EOS正是针对可扩展性、高并发、易升级、零手续费设计而成。在EOS区块链操作系统上层构建的DAPP，前端与用户交互，后端与EOS区块链交互，结构如下图所示（图片来自汪涛的《EOS - The platform for Dapp》，强烈推荐阅读）：

The new generation of block chain operating systems EOS is designed precisely for scalability, high co-mutability, ease of upgrade, and zero fees. DAPP built at the top of the EOS sector operating system, with front-end interactions with users and back-end interactions with EOS block chains, as shown in the following graphs (pictures from

图片来自汪涛的《EOS - The platform for Dapp》

Image by

这样带来了很多好处，比如：

This brings a number of benefits, such as:

去除了利益中介，将利益返还给用户；

(b) To return the benefits to the user in addition to the interests of the intermediary;

用户拥有自己数据的控制权，保护了个人隐私；

Users have control over their own data and protect personal privacy;

打通了信息孤岛，且所有数据可溯源。

The island of information has been accessed and all data are traceable.

未来

The future.

互联网最早的应用是电子邮件，它使得信息可以在全世界范围内无死角、快速的、近乎零成本的转移。那时，很多人以为互联网就是电子邮件，怎么可能会想到三十年后互联网对人类社会、生活带来的改变；

The first application of the Internet is e-mail, which allows information to move around the world in a fast, near-zero-cost way. At that time, many people thought that the Internet was e-mail, and how could the Internet change human society and life in 30 years?

区块链最早的应用是比特币，它使得价值可以在全世界范围内无死角、快速的、近乎零成本的转移。现在，很多人以为区块链就是比特币，又怎么可能会想到未来区块链对人类社会、生活带来的变革呢？

The first application of the block chain is Bitcoin, which allows value to be transferred around the world, quickly and at near zero cost. Now, many people think that the block chain is bitcoin, and how can one think of the changes that the future block chain brings to human society and life?

还有一点，区块链的发展并不受限于硬件，因此它不遵循摩尔定律，它来的一定比想象的更快。

On the other hand, the development of the block chain is not limited to hardware, so it does not follow Moore's law, and it must come faster than it thought.

Web 3.0：区块链互联网