【大聯盟小百科】不可交易條款（No-trade Clause）

不可交易條款（No-trade Clause）是指大聯盟球員合約中，允許球員否決某些交易提案的條款。這種條款賦予球員決定自我命運的權力，因此對勞方有利，通常會被納進自由球員的合約或延長合約中，當作球隊給予球員的福利或讓步。

The non-tradable clause (No-trade Clause) refers to a clause in a coalition of players that allows players to reject certain trade proposals. Such a clause gives players the power to decide their own destiny, and therefore is in the interest of the labour force, and is usually included in a free-player contract or an extension of the contract, as a team offering benefits or concessions to the players.

不可交易條款分為「部分」和「完整」兩種。顧名思義，部分不可交易條款代表的意義是，球員只能選擇部分球隊，作為他拒絕被交易的對象，在一些部分不可交易條款中，球員甚至可以每年更換他不想被交易到的球隊名單；至於完整不可交易條款，就是球員可以拒絕球隊提出的任何交易案，球隊在提交易時，都需經過球員的同意。

The non-tradable clause is divided into “partial” and “complete” terms. The meaning of some of the non-tradable clause, by name, is that a player can only choose a part of the team that he refuses to be traded for. In some of the non-tradable clause, a player can change the list of teams that he does not want to be traded for every year. As for the complete non-tradable clause, a player can refuse any transaction from the team, and the team needs its consent to do so at an easy time.

舉例來說，2011年，釀酒人的Ryan Braun跟球隊簽訂一張延長合約（2016到2020年），裡面就包含「部分不可交易條款」，Braun可以拒絕被交易到其他29隊當中的23支球隊。這算是蠻大的「部分不可交易條款」。

For example, in 2011, Ryan Braun, the alcoholic, signed a long-term contract with the team (2016-2020), which contained a "part of the non-tradable clause", and Braun could refuse to be traded to 23 of the other 29 teams. This is a rather large "part of the non-tradable clause".

反過來看，2013年，Ricky Nolasco跟雙城簽下四年4900萬美金的合約，合約內附有規模很小的不可交易條款，據報導他只能選擇「三隊」作為他的不可交易球隊。2016年八月，Nolasco被交易至天使隊，可見天使並不在他指定的「三支不可交易隊伍」當中。

In 2013, Ricky Nolasco signed an agreement with the two cities of $49 million for four years, with a very small non-tradable clause, according to which he could only choose "three teams" as his non-tradable team. In August 2016, Nolasco was traded to the Angels, and the angels were not among the "three non-tradables" he designated.

2019年二月底，Bryce Harper跟費城人簽下13年三億3000萬美金的巨約，合約帶有完整的不可交易條款，因此若費城人想在這13年間交易Harper，都得先經過Harper的同意才行。

At the end of February 2019, Bryce Harper signed a 13-year $330 million deal with the Philadelphia people, with complete non-tradable terms, so that if the Philadelphiaers wanted to deal with Harper in those 13 years, they would have had to obtain Harper’s consent.